UPAYA PENCEGAHAN SWABAKAR (SPONTAENOUS COMBUSTION) TERHADAP PROSES PEMUATAN BATUBARA DI KAPAN PADA AGENT PT. TRIELANG INDO MARITIM

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and identify the causes of spontaneous combustion and the inefficiency of coal loading processes on ships at PT. Trielang Indo Maritim Berau, as well as to formulate appropriate preventive measures to improve safety and operational efficiency. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through direct observation during field practice, documentation, and interviews with related parties in the company’s

operational environment. Data analysis was conducted using the fishbone (cause-and- effect) diagram approach to identify the main contributing factors. The results show that

spontaneous combustion in coal is influenced by several main factors, including inadequate monitoring of coal temperature and condition, the natural characteristics of coal that are prone to oxidation, and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. In addition, the inefficiency of the loading process is caused by the lack of a structured monitoring system, limited equipment, and operational disruptions due to weather conditions. The impacts of these problems include temporary suspension of loading operations (stop loading operation), delays in ship operations, and potential financial losses such as demurrage costs. Preventive efforts that can be implemented include improving periodic temperature monitoring systems, applying cargo handling procedures in accordance with IMSBC Code standards, enhancing coordination among related parties, and optimizing the use of equipment and human resources. With the implementation of these measures, it is expected that the risk of spontaneous combustion can be minimized and the coal loading process can run more safely, effectively, and efficiently.