ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN DAN KESIAPAN PENERAPAN SISTEM MONITORING DIGITAL PADA GRAB CRANE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI PROSES BONGKAR MUAT BATU BARA DI MV. AMAN SUKSES

Abstract

The loading and unloading activities of bulk cargo such as coal on bulk carrier vessels require proper coordination and accuracy in operating cargo handling equipment, particularly grab cranes. In practice, the limited visibility of the crane operator toward the grab position inside the cargo hold often causes maneuvering errors which can reduce operational efficiency and increase the risk of equipment damage and work safety hazards. This study aims to analyze the factors causing the inefficiency of the coal unloading process using a grab crane on board MV. Aman Sukses and to formulate efforts to improve the effectiveness of crane operation through the implementation of a digital monitoring system. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research data were obtained through direct observation during sea practice on board the vessel, interviews with crew members, documentation of operational activities, and literature studies related to bulk carrier loading and unloading operations. Data analysis was conducted using the Fishbone Diagram method to identify the causes of the problem, which include human (man), equipment (machine), method, measurement, material, and environmental factors. The results show that the inefficiency of the unloading process is mainly caused by the operator’s limited visibility of the grab position inside the cargo hold, the absence of a digital monitoring system such as cameras and sensors, the lack of standard operating procedures related to the use of the monitoring system, and environmental conditions such as coal dust and inadequate lighting. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to implement a digital grab crane monitoring system using wireless cameras and monitors in the operator cabin, as well as to establish standard operating procedures for its use. The implementation of a digital monitoring system is expected to improve the accuracy of grab crane operations, reduce maneuvering errors, and increase the efficiency and safety of loading and unloading operations on bulk carrier vessels.