Abstract:
Azib Bagus, M. 2025 “The Influence of Demurrage on Direct Operating Costs in
Tugboat and Barge Shipping Activities at PT. Mitra Maritime Abadijaya.”
This study aims to analyze the effect of demurrage on direct operating costs (DOC) in
tugboat and barge shipping operations at PT. Mitra Maritime Abadijaya. Demurrage
refers to penalties imposed due to delays in loading and unloading processes that exceed
the agreed laytime. These delays result in increased direct operating costs such as fuel
consumption, crew salaries, port agency fees, and other supporting logistics. The
research method uses a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires
distributed to 45 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation
and linear regression tests with SPSS 26.0. The results showed that demurrage had a
significant effect on direct operating costs (r = 0.935; R² = 0.874). The regression
equation Y = 3.385 + 0.910X indicates that each 1-unit increase in demurrage leads to a
0.910-unit increase in direct operating costs. The more frequent and prolonged the
delays, the greater the operational cost burden borne by the company. Therefore, efficient
management of loading and unloading time becomes a crucial strategy to reduce waste
and increase company profitability.
