Abstract:
This study is motivated by the increasing global demand for the port sector to transition toward sustainability in line with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) net-zero emissions target for 2050. Both Port Klang and Tanjung Priok Port have implemented Internet of Things (IoT)-based green logistics initiatives, albeit through different approaches. Port Klang emphasizes equipment electrification through Electric Rubber Tired Gantry (E-RTG) cranes supported by loT-based energy monitoring systems, while Tanjung Priok prioritizes the digitalization of logistics operations through MyCargo, the Terminal Operating System (TOS), and the National Logistics Ecosystem (NLE). This study aims to analyze the differences between these strategies and compare their effectiveness in supporting energy efficiency. A qualitative approach was employed using a comparative study method based on the Most Similar Systems Design (MSSD), supported by documentation studies and a literature review. The findings indicate that Port Klang's electrification approach achieves an energy consumption reduction and demonstrates superior performance in terms of direct energy efficiency and emissions accountability. In contrast, Tanjung Priok excels in operational efficiency and national logistics integration however, its contribution to energy efficiency is more indirect in nature. The study recommends an ideal model that integrates the strengths of both approaches within a Smart and Green Port framework, benchmarked against the Port of Los Angeles. Future research is encouraged to examine this model empirically using more comprehensive primary data.
