ANALISIS PENYEBAB DAN DAMPAK SURGING PADA TURBOCHARGER TERHADAP KINERJA MESIN INDUK DI MT GRIYA ENIM

Abstract

The main engine is a vital component is a ship propulsion system, and its performance significantly determines operational efficiency and navigation safety. On MT Griya Enim, a decrease in main engine performance was identified, characterized by surging phenomenon int the turbocharger, exhaust gas temperature deviation between cylinders reaching 80 C (280-360 C), and anomalies in several critical components such as fuel injection valve, piston ring, cylinder liner, and exhaust valve which had exceeded normal maintenance intervals. This study aims to identify and analyze the casual factors of surging in the turbocharger and to analyze its impacts on the reliability of main engine components and ship operations. The research was conducted on MT Griya Enim during sea practice from august 2024 to august 2025 using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection technique included direct observation, semi-structured interviews with the second engineer and engine room crew, documentation study of M/E Running Hours Report, M/E Performance Report, and main engine manual book. Data analysis employed the fishbone diagram method to trace casual factors categorized into six aspects: man, method, machine, material, environtment, and management. The result indicate that surging in the turbocharger is not a standalonefailure, but rather a peak sympton of combustion system instability and exhaust gas flow incosistency. The dominant causal factors are the condition of critical components that have shown anomalies machine and maintenance methods that have not fully adopted condition based monitoring, while human factors, material, environment, and management act as reinforcing factors. The impacts include decreased combustion efficiency and increased fuel consumption, increased thermal and mechanical loads on components accelerating wear, and reduced engine response stability to load changes which risks disrupting ship propulsion. This study concludes that the most effective problem-solving approach is a combination of corrective technical actions through integrated overhaul of problematic components and strengthening preventive maintenance systems based on trend data analysis and planned maintenance system. It is recommended that engine crew consistently implement condition monitoring, enforce maintenance dicipline according to operating hour intervals, improvefamilization with early performance degradation indicators, and strengthen critical spare parts management. Thus, main engine performance can be optimized to support smooth, efficient, and safe ship operations.