Abstract:
The tank cleaning process is a crucial step in tanker operations to prevent cargo
contamination, especially for sensitive commodities such as Mineral Base Oil.
Failure to implement effective cleaning procedures can result in the cargo failing
to meet quality standards (Cargo Off Specification), which ultimately causes
economic losses for both the shipping company and the customers. This study aims
to analyze the implementation of the tank cleaning process, identify the factors
causing suboptimal cleaning results, and formulate preventive measures against
cargo off specification on MT. JOY CHEMIST.
This research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method with a Fishbone Analysis
approach. Data collection was carried out through direct observation, in-depth
interviews with key informants on board—consisting of the Chief Officer,
Boatswain, and Able Bodied Seaman (AB)—as well as documentation studies
during the author's sea practice.
The results show that the risk of cargo off specification stems from three main
factors: weaknesses in the human, machine, and method aspects. This is indicated
by a lack of crew responsibility, damage to supporting equipment such as the
Butterworth machine not functioning optimally, and cleaning procedures that left
moisture or residue in hard-to-reach areas like the bellmouth and the upper tank
walls. As an alternative solution, this study recommends holding routine safety
meetings before the tank cleaning process begins, implementing a preventive
maintenance system for the cleaning equipment, and enhancing direct, multi-
layered supervision by the ship's officers to ensure that tank cleanliness standards
are fully met.
