PENGARUH FAKTOR MANUSIA (HUMAN ERROR) TERHADAP PROSEDUR KESELAMATAN DALAM LIFEBOAT DRILL DI MV. GLOVIS DESIRE

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of human factors (human error) on the failure of safety procedures during lifeboat drills aboard MV. Glovis Desire. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through in-depth interviews, document review, and incident report analysis. The data were analyzed using the Swiss Cheese Model to identify the contributing factors leading to the accident. The results indicate that the accident was not solely caused by mechanical failure but by a series of human-factor failures across multiple layers of the safety system. The deviation from procedures by the Chief Officer, who entered and operated the lifeboat from the embarkation phase, eliminated the visual supervisory function on the main deck, resulting in spatial judgment errors and command ambiguity. This condition was further aggravated by ineffective communication between the officer inside the lifeboat and the officers on deck, causing the lifeboat to maneuver astern at excessive speed and become difficult to control. The Swiss Cheese Model analysis revealed that the breakdown of the safety system resulted from a combination of weaknesses within organizational influences, unsafe supervision, preconditions for unsafe acts, and unsafe acts themselves. The Job Safety Analysis (JSA) was conducted merely as a formality, the implementation of the Safety Management System was ineffective, supervisory functions were weakened, maneuvering decisions were flawed, and the Able Seaman's (AB) reflexive action of using his leg to stop the lifeboat at a pinch point ultimately led to a severe injury. Therefore, this study concludes that human factors played a dominant role in the failure of safety procedures during the lifeboat drill aboard MV. Glovis Desire. The findings emphasize the importance of strengthening safety culture, ensuring compliance with procedures, and improving supervision and communication during safety drills.