Abstract:
The berthing operation of oil tankers at King Fahd Industrial Port, Yanbu, requires optimal coordination between the Pilot, Tug Master, and tugboat crew to ensure maneuvering safety and smooth operation. However, during the Bow-to-Bow Operation of the tanker KHUZAMA assisted by the tugboat RADHWA 27, several issues were identified, including miscommunication between the Pilot and Tug Master, delays in executing ting instructions, and insufficient maneuvering skills when approaching the tanker's bow. Weather conditions, particularly strong winds, also worsened the situation, causing delays in the towing line connection. This study aims to identify the main causal factors behind these obstacles and provide optimal solutions to ensure that Bow-to-Bow Operations can be carried out effectively, safely, and in a well-coordinated manner.
This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach focusing on the berthing operation of the tanker KHUZAMA on 16 July 2024. Data were collected through direct field observations, interviews with the Pilot, Tug Master, and involved crew members, as well as a review of operational documentation from the company. Data analysis was conducted by comparing actual field practices with standard operating procedures for Bow-to-Bow Operation on ASD tugs and the safety regulations implemented at King Fahd Industrial Port.
The results show that the main obstacles originated from ineffective radio communication, inaccurate interpretation of instructions among operational personnel, and delayed maneuver responses from the Tug Master. Environmental factors further hindered the line-handling process, preventing the tanker from initiating maneuvering according to schedule. The study concludes that enhancing operational coordination, strengthening the maneuvering competence of the Tug Master, and improving the readiness of watchkeeping ABs in line handling are key aspects for successful Bow-to- Bow Operations. Technical recommendations are provided to enhance the performance of escort tug RADHWA 27 and prevent similar incidents in the future.
