Abstract:
Blackout is a condition in which the electrical system on board a ship suddenly and completely shuts down, posing a serious risk to navigational safety, especially during critical operations such as maneuvering, berthing, or cargo handling. Such power failures can lead to loss of control over navigation, communication, and essential operational systems. Therefore, understanding the causes of blackouts is crucial to prevent major incidents. This research was
conducted based on direct observations during sea practice aboard the MT. SENIPAH,
operated by PT Pertamina International Shipping. The aim of this study is to identify and
analyze the main causes of generator blackouts on ships. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, literature review, and documentation. The research focuses on technical analysis of the ship’s fuel injection system and electrical load management. Findings indicate two primary causes of blackouts: failure in the fuel injection system and electrical overload on the
generator. Fuel system failures are often caused by clogged injectors, dirty fuel filters, or
contaminated fuel. Meanwhile, overloads result from imbalanced power distribution or
ineffective load management on board. To address these issues, regular maintenance of the fuel system is essential, including cleaning of injectors, routine filter replacement, and ensuring good fuel quality. Moreover, better electrical load management is needed to avoid exceeding the generator’s capacity. By implementing these preventive actions, the performance of the generator can be maintained, and the risk of blackouts can be minimized. Ultimately, these efforts contribute to safer and more reliable ship operations at sea.
